Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10)
R.C. Kessler (2002)
مقیاس تنش روانی کسلر
فرم مصاحبه
Q1a. The next questions are about how you have been feeling during the past 30 days.
About how often during the past 30 days did you feel tired out for no good reason — would you say all of the time‚ most of the time‚ some of the time‚ a little of the time‚ or none of the time?
1. ALL
2. MOST
3. SOME
4. A LITTLE
5. NONE
8. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
9. (IF VOL) REFUSED
Q1b. During the past 30 days‚ about how often did you feel nervous — all of the time‚ most of the time‚ some of the time‚ a little of the time‚ or none of the time?
1. ALL
2. MOST
3. SOME
4. A LITTLE
5. NONE
8. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
9. (IF VOL) REFUSED
Q1c. How often did you feel so nervous that nothing could calm you down? (IF NEC:
all‚ most‚ some‚ a little‚ or none of the time?)
1. ALL
2. MOST
3. SOME
4. A LITTLE
5. NONE
8. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
9. (IF VOL) REFUSED
Q1d. During the past 30 days‚ about how often did you feel hopeless? (IF NEC: all‚ most‚ some‚ a little‚ or none of the time?)
1. ALL
2. MOST
3. SOME
4. A LITTLE
5. NONE
8. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
9. (IF VOL) REFUSED
Q1e. During the past 30 days‚ about how often did you feel restless or fidgety? (IF NEC: all‚ most‚ some‚ a little‚ or none of the time?)
1. ALL
2. MOST
3. SOME
4. A LITTLE
5. NONE
8. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
9. (IF VOL) REFUSED
Q1f. During the past 30 days‚ about how often did you feel depressed? (IF NEC: all‚ most‚ some‚ a little‚ or none of the time?))
1. ALL
2. MOST
3. SOME
4. A LITTLE
5. NONE
8. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
9. (IF VOL) REFUSED
Q1h. How often did you feel so depressed that nothing could cheer you up? (IF NEC: all‚ most‚ some‚ a little‚ or none of the time?)
1. ALL
2. MOST
3. SOME
4. A LITTLE
5. NONE
8. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
9. (IF VOL) REFUSED
Q1i. During the past 30 days‚ about how often did you feel that everything was an effort? (IF NEC: all‚ most‚ some‚ a little‚ or none of the time?)
1. ALL
2. MOST
3. SOME
4. A LITTLE
5. NONE
8. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
9. (IF VOL) REFUSED
Q1j. During the past 30 days‚ about how often did you feel worthless? (IF NEC: all‚ most‚ some‚ a little‚ or none of the time?)
1. ALL
2. MOST
3. SOME
4. A LITTLE
5. NONE
8. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
9. (IF VOL) REFUSED
Q2. The last set of questions asked about feelings that might have occurred during the past 30 days. Taking them altogether‚ did these feelings occur more often in the past 30 days than is usual for you‚ about the same as usual‚ or less often than usual?
1. MORE OFTEN THAN USUAL ....................................... GO TO Q2b
2. ABOUT THE SAME AS USUAL ................................... GO TO Q3
3. LESS OFTEN THAN USUAL
4. (IF VOL) NEVER HAVE THESE FEELINGS ............... GO TO Q3
8. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW ................................................ GO TO Q3
9. (IF VOL) REFUSED ........................................................ GO TO Q3
Q2a. A lot less than usual‚ somewhat less‚ or only a little less than usual?
1. A LOT ............................................................................... GO TO Q3
2. SOMEWHAT.................................................................... GO TO Q3
3. A LITTLE ......................................................................... GO TO Q3
8. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW ................................................ GO TO Q3
9. (IF VOL) REFUSED ........................................................ GO TO Q3
Q2b. A lot more than usual‚ somewhat more‚ or only a little more than usual?
1. A LOT
2. SOMEWHAT
3. A LITTLE
8. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
9. (IF VOL) REFUSED
Q3. INTERVIEWER CHECKPOINT
1. R ANSWERED “A LITLE‚” “SOME‚” “MOST‚” OR “ALL” TO AT LEAST ONE QUESTION IN THE Q1 SERIES
2. ALL OTHERS .................................................................. END SECTION
Q4. The next questions are about how these feelings may have affected you in the past 30 days. How many days out of the past 30 were you totally unable to work or carry out your normal activities because of these feelings?
_________ NUMBER OF DAYS
98. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
99. (IF VOL) REFUSED
Q5. INTERVIEWER CHECKPOINT
1. R ANSWERED “30” IN RESPONSE TO Q4 .................. GO TO Q7
2. ALL OTHERS
Q6. [Not counting (that day/those days)]‚ how many days in the past 30 were you able to do only half or less of what you would normally have been able to do because of these feelings?
_________ NUMBER OF DAYS
98. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
99. (IF VOL) REFUSED
Q7. During the past 30 days‚ how many times did you see a doctor or other health professional about these feelings?
______ NUMBER OF TIMES
98. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
99. (IF VOL) REFUSED
Q8. During the past 30 days‚ how often have physical health problems been the main cause of these feelings – all of the time‚ most of the time‚ some of the time‚ a little of the time‚ or none of the time?
1. ALL
2. MOST
3. SOME
4. A LITTLE
5. NONE
8. (IF VOL) DON’T KNOW
9. (IF VOL) REFUSED
فرم آزمودنی
The following questions ask about how you have been feeling during the past 30 days. For each question‚ please circle the number that best describes how often you had this feeling.
Q1. During the past 30 days‚ about how often did you feel …
All of the time‚ 2=Most of the time‚ 3= Some of the time‚ 4=A little of the time‚ 5= None of the time
a. … tired out for no good reason?
b. …nervous?
c. …so nervous that nothing could calm you down?
d. …hopeless?
e. …restless or fidgety?
f. …so restless that you could not sit still?
g. …depressed?
h. …so depressed that nothing could cheer you up?
i. …that everything was an effort?
j. …worthless?
Q2. The last six questions asked about feelings that might have occurred during the past 30 days. Taking them altogether‚ did these feelings occur More often in the past 30 days than is usual for you‚ about the same as usual‚ or less often than usual? (If you never have any of these feelings‚ circle response option “4.”)
|
More often than usual
|
About the same as usual
|
Less often than usual
|
|
A lot
|
Some
|
A little
|
|
A little
|
Some
|
A lot
|
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
The next few questions are about how these feelings may have affected you in the past 30 days. You need not answer these questions if you answered “None of the time” to all of the six questions about your feelings.
Q3. During the past 30 days‚ how many days out of 30 were you totally unable to work or carry out your normal activities because of these feelings?
(_______ Number of days)
Q4. Not counting the days you reported in response to Q3‚ how many days in the past 30 were you able to do only half or less of what you would normally have been able to do‚ because of these feelings?
(_______ Number of days)
Q5. During the past 30 days‚ how many times did you see a doctor or other health professional about these feelings?
(_______ Number of days)
Q6. During the past 30 days‚ how often have physical health problems been the main cause of these feelings?
1=All of the time‚ 2=Most of the time‚ 3=Some of the time‚ 4=A little of the time‚ 5=None of the time
شرح سایت روان سنجی: این ابزار در سازمان بهداشت جهانی در مصاحبه های تشخیصی بین المللی به کار گرفته شده است.
چگونگی دستیابی
منبع برای آگاهی بیشتر
Andrews‚ G.‚ & Slade‚ T. (2001). Interpreting scores of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health‚ 25(6)‚ 494-497.
Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2007-08. Information Paper: Use of Kessler Psychological Distress Scale in ABS Health Surveys‚ Australia.
Beaks‚ Janette and Mitchell‚ Christina M.‚ September 2011. The Utility of the Kessler Screening Scale for Psychological Distress (K6) in Two American Indian Communities. (University of Colorado‚ Denver).
Furukawa‚ T.A.‚ Kessler‚ R.C.‚ Slade‚ T.‚ Andrews‚ G. (2003). The performance of the K6 and K10 screening scales for psychological distress in the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being Psychological Medicine. 33:357-362.
Green‚ J.G.‚ Gruber‚ M.J.‚ Sampson‚ N.A.‚ Zaslavsky‚ A.M.‚ Kessler‚ R.C. (2010). Improving the K6 short scale to predict serious emotional disturbance in adolescents in the USA. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 19(S1)‚ 23-35.
International J Methods Psychiatric Research. June 2010. Supplement: Screening for Serious Mental Illness. Volume 19‚ Issue Supplement S1.
Kessler‚ R.C.‚ Barker‚ P.R.‚ Colpe‚ L.J.‚ Epstein‚ J.F.‚ Gfroerer‚ J.C.‚ Hiripi‚ E.‚ Howes‚ M.J‚ Normand‚ S-L.T.‚ Manderscheid‚ R.W.‚ Walters‚ E.E.‚ Zaslavsky‚ A.M. (2003). Screening for serious mental illness in the general population Archives of General Psychiatry. 60(2)‚ 184-189
Kessler‚ R.C.‚ Andrews‚ G.‚ Colpe‚ L.J.‚ Hiripi‚ E.‚ Mroczek‚ D.K.‚ Normand‚ S.-L.T.‚ Walters‚ E.E.‚ & Zaslavsky‚ A. (2002). Short screening scales to monitor population prevalances and trends in nonspecific psychological distress. Psychological Medicine. 32(6)‚ 959-976.
Kessler‚ R.C.‚ Green‚ J.G.‚ Gruber‚ M.J.‚ Sampson‚ N.A.‚ Bromet‚ E.‚ Cuitan‚ M.‚ Furukawa‚ T.A.‚ Gureje‚ O.‚ Hinkov‚ H.‚ Hu‚ C.Y.‚ Lara‚ C.‚ Lee‚ S.‚ Mneimneh‚ Z.‚ Myer‚ L.‚ Oakley-Browne‚ M.‚ Posada-Villa‚ J.‚ Sagar‚ R.‚ Viana‚ M.C.‚ Zaslavsky‚ A.M. (2010). Screening for serious mental illness in the general population with the K6 screening scale: results from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) survey initiative. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 19(S1)‚ 4-22. Erratum in International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 2011 Mar; 20(1):62.