Children's Depression Inventory (CDI)
Kovacs‚ 1985
پرسشنامه افسردگی کودکان
1.
[ ] I am sad once in awhile.
[ ] I am sad many times.
[ ] I am sad all the time.
2.
[ ] Nothing will ever work out for me.
[ ] I am not sure if things will work out for me.
[ ] Things will work out for me O.K.
3.
[ ] I do most things O.K.
[ ] I do many things wrong.
[ ] I do everything wrong.
4.
[ ] I have fun in many things.
[ ] I have fun in some things.
[ ] Nothing is fun at all.
5.
[ ] I am bad all the time.
[ ] I am bad many times.
[ ] I am bad once in a while.
6.
[ ] I think about bad things happening to me once in a while.
[ ] I worry that bad things will happen to me.
[ ] I am sure that terrible things will happen to me.
7.
[ ] I hate myself.
[ ] I do not like myself.
[ ] I like myself.
8.
[ ] All bad things are my fault.
[ ] Many bad things are my fault.
[ ] Bad things are usually not my fault.
9.
10.
[ ] I feel like crying every day.
[ ] I feel like crying many days.
[ ] I feel like crying once in a while.
11.
[ ] Things bother me all the time.
[ ] Things bother me many times.
[ ] Things bother me once in a while.
12.
[ ] I like being with people.
[ ] I do not like being with people many times.
[ ] I do not want to be with people at all.
13.
[ ] I cannot make up my mind about things.
[ ] It is hard to make up my mind about things.
[ ] I make up my mind about things easily.
14.
[ ] I look O.K.
[ ] There are some bad things about my looks.
[ ] I look ugly.
15.
[ ] I have to push myself all the time to do my schoolwork.
[ ] I have to push myself many times to do my schoolwork.
[ ] Doing schoolwork is not a big problem.
16.
[ ] I have trouble sleeping every night.
[ ] I have trouble sleeping many nights.
[ ] I sleep pretty well.
17.
[ ] I am tired once in a while.
[ ] I am tired many days.
[ ] I am tired all the time.
18.
[ ] Most days I do not feel like eating.
[ ] Many days I do not feel like eating.
[ ] I eat pretty well.
19.
[ ] I do not worry about aches and pains.
[ ] I worry about aches and pains many times.
[ ] I worry about aches and pains all the time.
20.
[ ] I do not feel alone.
[ ] I feel alone many times.
[ ] I feel alone all the time.
21.
[ ] I never have fun at school.
[ ] I have fun at school only once in a while.
[ ] I have fun at school many times
22.
[ ] I have plenty of friends.
[ ] I have some friends but I wish I had more.
[ ] I do not have any friends.
23.
[ ] My schoolwork is alright.
[ ] My schoolwork is not as good as before.
[ ] I do very badly in subjects I used to be good in.
24.
[ ] I can never be as good as other kids.
[ ] I can be as good as other kids if I want to.
[ ] I am just as good as other kids.
25.
[ ] Nobody really loves me.
[ ] I am not sure if anybody loves me.
[ ] I am sure that somebody loves me.
26.
[ ] I usually do what I am told.
[ ] I do not do what I am told most times.
[ ] I never do what I am told.
27.
[ ] I get along with people.
[ ] I get into fights many times.
[ ] I get into fights all the time.
شرح سایت روان سنجی: این پرسشنامه که برای سنجش افسردگی کودکان 7 تا 17 سال طراحی شده است، پنج عامل "عزت نفس منفی"، "فقدان احساس لذت"، "ناکارآمدی"، "مشکلات بین فردی" و "خلق منفی" دارد.
پرسشنامه افسردگی بک زیربنای پدید آمدن این ابزار است. دارای نسخه معلم (با 12 ماده) نیز هست.
سایت روان سنجی ماده نهم را که درباره "خودکشی" است، نیافت.
"دهشیری و همکاران، 1388" ویژگی های روان سنجی این ابزار را بررسی کرده اند.
اعتبار: هماهنگی درونی، آلفا کرونباخ در 9 مطالعه 0.71- 0.89، در 16 مطالعه دیگر 0.38-0.87
نمره گذاری: پرسش ها 0، 1، 2 نمره گذاری می شوند.
چگونگی دستیابی
منبع برای آگاهی بیشتر
Kovacs‚ M. (1983). "The Children's Depression Inventory: A self-rated depression scale for school-aged youngsters." University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine: Unpublished manuscript.
Kovacs‚ M. (1985). The Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Psychopharmacology Bulletin‚ 21(4)‚ 995-998.
Smucker‚ Mervin R.‚ Craighead‚ Edward W.‚ Craighead‚ Linda W.‚ Green‚ Barbara J. (1986). Normative and reliability data for the children's depression inventory. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology‚ 14(1): 25–39.
Kovacs‚ M. (1992). Children’s Depression Inventory. North Tonawanda‚ NY: Multi-Health Systems‚ Inc.