Perceived Work characteristics Survey
Haynes‚ Wall‚ Bolden‚ Stride & Rick (1999)
بررسی ادراک از ویژگی های کار
Autonomy and control
To what extent do you: [not at all‚ just a little‚ moderate amount‚ quite a lot‚ a great deal]
1. Determine the methods and procedures you use in your work?
2. Choose what work you will carry out?
3. Decide when to take a break?
4. Vary how you do your work?
5. Plan your own work?
6. Carry out your work in the way you think best?
Feedback [strongly agree‚ agree‚ neither agree nor disagree‚ disagree‚ strongly disagree]
1. I usually know whether or not my work is satisfactory in this job.
2. I often have trouble figuring out whether I’m doing well or poorly on this job.
3. Most people on this job have a pretty good idea of how well they are performing their work.
4. Most people on this job have trouble figuring out whether they are doing a good or bad job.
Influence over decisions
To what extent: [not at all‚ just a little‚ moderate amount‚ quite a lot‚ a great deal]
1. Can you influence what goes on in your work area as a whole?
2. Does your immediate superior ask for your opinion before making decisions affecting your work?
3. Do you have the opportunity to contribute to meetings on new work developments?
4. Are you allowed to participate in decisions which affect you?
Leader support
How much does your immediate superior: [to a very little extent‚ to a little extent‚ to some extent‚ to a great extent‚ to a very great extent]
1. Encourage you to give your best effort?
2. Set an example by working hard him/herself?
3. Offer new ideas for solving job-related problems?
4. Encourage those who work for him/her to work as a team?
To what extent can you count on your immediate superior: [not at all‚ to a small extent‚ neither great nor small extent‚ to a great extent‚ completely]
5. To listen to you when you need to talk about problems at work?
6. To help you with a difficult task at work?
Professional compromise [not at all‚ just a little‚ moderate amount‚ quite a lot‚ a great deal]
In your opinion‚ how often do staff meet the following problems in carrying out their work?
1. having to make trade-offs between quality of patient care and cost savings.
2. Lack of clarity/agreement about the different responsibilities of doctors and nurses.
3. Being unable to achieve quality in their work because there are staff shortages.
4. having to do an acceptable minimum of work rather than doing the best quality work possible.
Role clarity
How true are the following of your job? [not at all‚ just a little‚ moderate amount‚ quite a lot‚ a great deal]
1. I have clear planned goals and objectives for my job.
2. I know that I have divided my time properly.
3. I know what my responsibilities are.
4. Explanation is clear of what has to be done.
5. I know exactly what is expected of me.
Role conflict
How often do you find these issues arising in carrying out your job? [not at all‚ just a little‚ moderate amount‚ quite a lot‚ a great deal]
1. I receive conflicting instructions from two or more people.
2. Professionals make conflicting demands of me.
3. Managers make conflicting demands of me.
4. I do things which are accepted by one person‚ but not by another.
Peer support
To what extent can you: [not at all‚ to a small extent‚ neither great nor small extent‚ to a great extent‚ completely]
1. Count on your colleagues to listen to you when you need to talk about problems at work?
2. Count on your colleagues to back you up at work?
3. Count on your colleagues to help you with a difficult task at work?
4. Really count on your colleagues to help you in a crisis situation at work‚ even though they would have to go out of their way to do so?
Work demands [not at all‚ just a little‚ moderate amount‚ quite a lot‚ a great deal]
1. I do not have enough time to carry out my work.
2. I can not meet all the conflicting demands made on my time at work.
3. I never finish work feeling I have completed everything I should.
4. I am asked to do work without adequate resources to complete it.
5. I can not follow best practice in the time available.
6. I am required to do basic tasks which prevent me completing more important ones.
شرح سایت روان سنجی: این ابزار ادراک از ویژگی های کار را نزد دست اندرکاران بهداشت چون پرستاران، پزشکان، مدیران حوزه های درمانی و ...در زمینه های "استقلال و مهار"، " بازخورد"، تاثیر تصمیم ها"، " حمایت فرادست"، "مصالحه حرفه ای"، "وضوح نقش"، "تعارض نقش"، "حمایت همکاران" و "خواسته ها یا انتظارات شغل" می سنجد.
Autonomy & control‚ Feedback ‚ Influence over decisions‚ Leader support‚ Professional compromise‚ Role clarity ‚ Role conflict‚ Peer support‚ Work demands
اعتبار: هماهنگی درونی، آلفا در هفت نمونه دست اندرکاران بهداشت از 0.7 تا 0.92 و اغلب بیش از 0.8
چگونگی دستیابی
منبع برای آگاهی بیشتر
Haynes‚ C.E.‚ Wall‚ T.D.‚ Bolden‚ R.I.‚ and Rick‚ J.E. (1999). Measures of perceived work characteristics for health services research: Test of a measurement model and normative data. British Journal of Health Psychology‚ 4‚ 257-275.