روانسنجی
اولین سایت تخصصی فارسی تست های روان سنجی ، روان شناسی

Five-factor solution based on Leung et al. (2002)
Social Cynicism
•    Powerful people tend to exploit others.
•    Power and status make people arrogant.
•    Kind-hearted people are easily bullied.
•    Significant achievement requires one to show no concern for the means needed for that achievement.
•    Kind-hearted people usually suffer losses.
•    Old people are usually stubborn and biased.
•    Young people are impulsive and unreliable.
•    It is easier to succeed if one knows how to take short-cuts.
•    Females need a better appearance than males.
•    It is rare to see a happy ending in real life.
•    People will stop working hard after they secure a comfortable life.
•    People deeply in love are usually blind.
•    To care about societal affairs only brings trouble for yourself.
•    Most people hope to be repaid after they help others.
•    Harsh laws can make people obey.
•    Old people are a heavy burden on society.
•    The various social institutions in society are biased towards the rich.
•    Humility is dishonesty.
Social Complexity
•    One’s behaviors may be contrary to his or her true feelings.
•    People may have opposite behaviors on different occasions.
•    One has to deal with matters according to the specific circumstances.
•    There is usually only one way to solve a problem.
•    Human behavior changes with the social context.
•    There are phenomena in the world that cannot be explained by science.
•    Current losses are not necessarily bad for one’s long-term future.
•    To deal with things in a flexible way leads to success.
•    To plan for possible mistakes will result in fewer obstacles.
•    To experience various life styles is a way to enjoy life.
•    Individual effort makes little difference in the outcome.
•    One’s appearance does not reflect one’s ch‎aracter.
Reward for Application
•    One will succeed if he/she really tries.
•    Adversity can be overcome by effort.
•    Every problem has a solution.
•    Good deeds will be rewarded‚ and bad deeds will be punished.
•    Hard working people will achieve more in the end.
•    One who does not know how to plan his or her future will eventually fail.
•    Knowledge is necessary for success.
•    The just will eventually defeat the wicked.
•    Competition brings about progress.
•    Social justice can be maintained if everyone cares about politics.
•    Failure is the beginning of success.
•    A modest person can make a good impression on people.
•    Caution helps avoid mistakes.
•    Mutual tolerance can lead to satisfactory human relationships.
Spirituality
•    Belief in a religion helps one understand the meaning of life.
•    Belief in a religion makes people good citizens.
•    Religious faith contributes to good mental health.
•    There is a supreme being controlling the universe.
•    Religious people are more likely to maintain moral standards.
•    Religion makes people escape from reality.
•    Ghosts or spirits are people’s fantasy.
•    Religious beliefs lead to unscientific thinking.
Fate Control
•    Individual ch‎aracteristics‚ such as appearance and birthday‚ affect one’s fate.
•    Good luck follows if one survives a disaster.
•    Fate determines one’s successes and failures.
•    There are certain ways to help us improve our luck and avoid unlucky things.
•    There are many ways for people to predict what will happen in the future.
•    All things in the universe have been determined.
•    A person’s talents are inborn.
•    Most disasters can be predicted.
Bond et al.‚ 2004
Dynamic Externality
1.    Belief in a religion helps one understand the meaning of life
2.    Good deeds will be rewarded‚ and bad deeds will be punished
3.    Religious faith contributes to good mental health
4.    There is a supreme being controlling the universe
5.    All things in the universe have been determined
6.    Belief in a religion makes people good citizens
7.    The just will eventually defeat the wicked
8.    Religion makes people escape from reality
9.    One will succeed if he/she really tries
10.    Hardworking people will achieve more in the end
11.    Every problem has a solution
12.    Religious people are more likely to maintain moral standards
13.    Religious beliefs lead to unscientific thinking
14.    Knowledge is necessary for success
15.    Failure is the beginning of success
16.    There are many ways for people to predict what will happen in the future
17.    Ghosts or spirits are people’s fantasy
18.    Human behavior changes with the social context
19.    Competition brings about progress
20.    Caution helps avoid mistakes
21.    Adversity can be overcome by effort
Societal Cynicism
1.    To care about societal affairs only brings trouble for yourself
2.    Kindhearted people usually suffer losses
3.    Old people are usually stubborn and biased
4.    It is rare to see a happy ending in real life
5.    People will stop working hard after they secure a comfortable life
6.    Old people are a heavy burden on society
7.    Kindhearted people are easily bullied
8.    People deeply in love are usually blind
9.    Humility is dishonesty
10.    Power and status make people arrogant
11.    Powerful people tend to exploit others
Social cynicism (.79); reward for application (.72); social complexity (.67); fate control (.59); religiosity (.78)
strongly believe‚ believe‚ no opinion‚ disbelieve‚ and strongly disbelieve
This instrument can be found at: https://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/3136/1/rcabecinhas_JCCP_2004.pdf & https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241065854_Social_Axioms_A_Model_for_Social_Beliefs_in_Multicultural_Perspective  
Hofstede‚ G.‚ & Bond‚ M. H. (1984). Hofstede's culture dimensions: An independent validation using Rokeach's Value Survey. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology‚ 15(4)‚ 417-433.
Hofstede‚ G.‚ & Bond‚ M. H. (1988). The Confucian connection: From cultural roots to economic growth. Organization Dynamics‚ 16‚ 4-21.
Leung‚ K.‚ Bond‚ M. H.‚ Reimel de Carrasquel‚ S.‚ Muñoz‚ C.‚ Hernández‚ M.‚ Murakami‚ F.‚ Yamaguchi‚ S.‚ Bierbrauer‚ G.‚ & Singelis‚ T. M. (2002). Social axioms: The search for universal dimensions of general beliefs about how the world functions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology‚ 33‚ 286-302.
Bond‚ M. H.‚ Leung‚ K.‚ Au‚ A.‚ Tong‚ K.-K.‚ De Carrasquel‚ S. R.‚ Murakami‚ F.‚ et al. (2004). Culture-Level Dimensions of Social Axioms and Their Correlates Across 41 Cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology‚ 35(5)‚ 548-570.
Leung‚ K.‚ Bond‚ M. H. (2004). Social Axioms: A Model for Social Beliefs in Multi-cultural Perspective. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology‚ 36‚ 119-197.
Bond‚ M. H.‚ Leung‚ K.‚ Au‚ A.‚ Tong‚ K.-K.‚ Chemonges-Nielson‚ Z. (2004). Combining Social Axioms with Values in Predicting Social Behaviours. European Journal of Personality‚ 18(3)‚ 177-191.
Safdar‚ Saba.‚ Lewis‚ John R.‚ and Daneshpour‚ Manijeh. Social axioms in Iran and Canada: Intercultural contact‚ coping and adjustment. Asian Journal of Social Psychology (2006)‚ 9‚ 123–131.