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Self-Construal Scales Lack Validity
Adopted from Gudykunst et al. (1996) & Leung and Kim (1997) & Singelis‚ et al‚ 1994 by Levine et al‚ 2003

1.    I act the same way no matter who I am with. (S)
2.    I feel comfortable using someone’s first name soon after I meet them‚ even when they are much older than I am. (S)
3.    I prefer to be direct and forthright when dealing with people I’ve just met. (S)
4.    I value being in good health above everything. (S)
Interdependent Self-Construal Items
5.    I feel uncomfortable disagreeing with my group. (L&K)
6.    I conceal my negative emotions so I won’t cause unhappiness among the members of my group. (L&K)
7.    I will stick with my group‚ even through difficulties. (L&K)
8.    My relationships with those in my group are more important than my personal accomplishments. (S) (L&K) (G)
9.    My happiness depends on the happiness of those in my group. (S) (L&K) (G)
10.    I often consider how I can be helpful to specific others in my group. (L&K)
11.    I am careful to maintain harmony in my group. (S) (L&K) (G)
12.    When with my group‚ I watch my words so I won’t offend anyone. (L&K)
13.    I would sacrifice my self-interests for the benefit of my group. (S) (L&K) (G)
14.    I will stay in a group if they need me‚ even if I’m not happy with the group. (S) (G)
15.    I try to meet the demands of my group‚ even if it means controlling my own desires. (L&K) (G)
16.    It is important to consult close friends and get their ideas before making decisions. (L&K) (G)
17.    I consult with co-workers on work-related matters. (G)
18.    I consult with others before making important decisions. (G)
19.    I should take into consideration my parents’ advice when making education and career plans. (S) (L&K)
20.    It is better to consult with others and get their opinions before doing anything. (G)
21.    I respect decisions made by my group. (S) (G)
22.    I respect the majority’s wishes in the groups of which I am a member. (G)
23.    I act as fellow group members prefer I act. (L&K) (G)
24.    The security of being an accepted member of a group is very important to me. (L&K)
25.    I try to abide by customs and conventions at work. (G)
26.    If my brother or sisters fails‚ I feel responsible. (S) (L&K)
27.    I have respect for the authority figures with whom I interact. (S)
28.    I would offer my seat on the bus to my professor. (S)
29.    I respect people who are modest about themselves. (S)
30.    Even when I strongly disagree with group members‚ I avoid an argument. (S)
(L&K) Leung and Kim (1997)‚ (S) Singelis (1994)‚ and (G) Gudykunst et al. (1996) Scales

http://ravansanji.ir/?9307191128

(interdependence = .70 and independence  =.86)

This instrument can be found at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227730292_Self-Construal_Scales_Lack_Validity

Levine‚ Timothy R.‚ Bresnahan‚ M‚ J.‚ Park‚ H‚ S.‚ Lapinski‚ M‚ K.‚ Wittenbaum‚ G‚ M.‚ Shearman‚ M‚S.‚ et al. (2003). Self-Construal Scales Lack Validity.Human Communication Research‚ Vol. 29 No. 2‚ 210-252.
Gudykunst‚ W. B.‚ Matsumoto‚ Y.‚ Ting-Toomey‚ S.‚ Nishida‚ T.‚ Kim‚ K.‚ & Heyman‚ S. (1996). The influence of cultural individualism-collectivism‚ self-construals‚ and individual values on communication styles across cultures. Human Communication Research‚ 22‚ 510–543.
Brockner‚ J.‚ Chen‚ Y. R.‚ Mannix‚ E. A.‚ Leung‚ K.‚ & Skarlcki‚ D. P. (2000). Culture and procedural fairness: When the effects of what you do depend on how you do it. Administrative Science Quarterly‚ 45‚ 138–159.
Leung‚ T. (1997). Self-construals and situational dependency in conflict style preference. Unpublished ma‎ster’s thesis‚ University of Hawaii‚ Honolulu.
Leung‚ T.‚ & Kim‚ M. S. (1997). A revised self-construal scale. Honolulu: University of Hawaii at Manoa.
Singelis‚ T. M. (1994). The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals. Personality and Social Psychological Bulletin‚ 20‚ 580–591.
Singelis‚ T. M.‚ Bond‚ M. H.‚ Sharkey‚ W. F.‚ & Lai‚ C. S. Y. (1999). Unpacking culture’s influence on self-esteem and embarrassability: The role of self-construals. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology‚ 30‚ 315–341.
Singelis‚ T. M.‚ & Brown‚ W. J. (1995). Culture‚ self‚ and collectivist communication: Linking culture to individual behavior. Human Communication Research‚ 21‚ 354–389.
Singelis‚ T. M.‚ & Sharkey‚ W. F. (1995). Culture‚ self-construal‚ and embarrassability. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology‚ 26‚ 622–644.