Individualism-collectivism as Descriptive Norms (IC)

Individualism-collectivism as Descriptive Norms (IC)
Fischer et al‚ 2009
هنجار توصیفی فردگرایی- جمع گرایی
Most people see themselves as independent from others. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people see themselves as part of their group.
Most people enjoy being different from others. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people enjoy being similar to others.
Most people stress their personal accomplishments and achievements when meeting new people. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people stress accomplishments and achievements of their group when meeting new people.
It is important for most people to act as an independent person. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 It is important for most people to act as member of their group.
When people have a need‚ they rely on themselves. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 When people have a need‚ they turn to others for help.
If there is a conflict between personal values and the values of a group‚ most people follow their personal values. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 If there is a conflict between personal values and the values of a group‚ most people follow the values of their group.
Most people do what is enjoyable to them personally. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people carry out their group obligations.
Most people pay attention to their personal contracts. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people pay attention to their group duties.
Most people obey their personal contracts rather than their group norms and duties. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people obey their group norms and duties rather than personal contracts.
Most people act in line with their rights. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people act in line with their group norms and duties.
Most people follow their personal attitudes. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people follow their group norms and rules.
Most people do their duties only if they think they will benefit from it. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people do their duties‚ even when they think they will not benefit.
When making decisions‚ most people are not especially sensitive to feelings of people around them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people take feelings of people around them into account when making decisions.
Most people only consider needs of others in their group‚ if they expect something from them in return. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people consider needs of others in their group‚ even if they do not expect something from them in return.
Most people carefully calculate costs and benefits of their relationship with other people. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people focus on the relationship with other people without caring about associated costs and benefits.
Before helping other people‚ most people consider the costs of helping. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people generally help other people without considering costs.
Most people do not hesitate to change established relationships if the relationship is not in their best interest anymore. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people maintain established relationships‚ even if this is not in their best interest.
Most people are mainly concerned with their own personal goals. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Most people are mainly concerned with the goals of their group.
In situations of conflict between the goals of one's group and personal goals‚ people pursue their own goals. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 In situations of conflict between the goals of one's group and personal goals‚ people sacrifice their own goals to achieve the goals of the group.
In cases of conflict‚ individuals just ignore the goals of their group and they attempt to reach their personal goals. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 In cases of conflict‚ individuals do what the group expects and demands without opposing the will of the larger group.
The goals of individuals within a group and the goals of the group are often not compatible. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 The goals of the group and the goals of individuals within groups are often compatible.
It feels natural for most people to pursue their personal goal without considering the goals of their group. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 If feels natural for most people to pursue personal goals only if they do not
شرح سایت روان سنجی: این ابزار در 11 گروه فرهنگی مختلف مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.
Factors: Goal‚ Rational versus Relational concern‚ Norms versus Attitudes‚ and self
اعتبار: میانگین آلفا برای تمام مقیاس 0.74 و برای عامل هدف (5 ماده) 0.75، برای نگرانی منطق در برابر رابطه 0.8 (6 ماده)، هنجار در مقابل نگرش 0.81 (6 ماده) و خود 0.61 (5 ماده)
نمره گذاری: پاسخ دهنده در یک طیف 7 فسمتی بین گزاره امتیاز دهی می کند.
چگونگی دستیابی
This instrument can be found at: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.1009.7803&rep=rep1&type=pdf
منبع برای آگاهی بیشتر
Fischer‚ R.‚ Ferreira‚ M.C.‚ Redford‚ P.‚ Harb‚ C.‚ Glazer‚ S.‚ Cheng‚ B.‚ Jiang‚ D.‚ Wong‚ C.C.‚  Kumar ‚ N.‚ Kärtner‚ J.‚ Hofer ‚ J.‚ and Achoui‚ M. (2009). Individualism-collectivism as Descriptive Norms; Development of a Subjective Norm Approach to Culture Measurement. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology‚ Volume 40 Number 2‚ 187-213