Tolerance for Disagreement Scale (TFD)
Teven .‚ Richmond‚ & McCroskey‚ 1998
مقیاس بردباری در اختلاف
1. It is more fun to be involved in a discussion where there is a lot of disagreement.
2. I enjoy talking to people with points of view different than mine.
3. I don't like to be in situations where people are in disagreement.
4. I prefer being in groups where everyone's beliefs are the same as mine.
5. Disagreements are generally helpful.
6. I prefer to change the topic of discussion when disagreement occurs.
7. I tend to create disagreements in conversations because it serves a useful purpose.
8. I enjoy arguing with other people about things on which we disagree.
9. I would prefer to work independently rather than to work with other people and have disagreements.
10.I would prefer joining a group where no disagreements occur.
11.I don't like to disagree with other people.
12.Given a choice‚ I would leave a conversation rather than continue a disagreement.
13.I avoid talking with people who I think will disagree with me.
14.I enjoy disagreeing with others.
15.Disagreement stimulates a conversation and causes me to communicate more.
شرح سایت روان سنجی: این ابزار برای اندازه گیری تحمل مخالفت دیگران با آنچه که فرد آن را درست می داند پدید آمده است. این مفهوم شبیه به بحث، استدلال است.
این ابزار با 20 گویه نخست توسط " کناتسون، مک کروسکی، و هارت 1979" ارائه شده است.
اعتبار: آلفا کرونباخ 0.85
نمره گذاری
5 = Strongly Agree‚ 4 = Agree‚ 3 = Undecided‚ 2 = Disagree‚ 1 = Strongly Disagree
Scoring:
Step 1. Add the scores for the following items: 1‚ 2‚ 5‚ 7‚ 8‚ 14‚ and 15.
Step 2. Add the scores for the following items: 3‚ 4‚ 6‚ 9‚ 10‚ 11‚ 12‚ and 13.
Step 3. Complete the following formula: TFD = 48 + total of Step 1 - total of Step 2.
Scores above 46 indicate High TFD. Scores below 32 indicate Low TFD. Scores between 32 and 46 indicate moderate TFD
چگونگی دستیابی
منبع برای آگاهی بیشتر
Teven‚ J. J.‚ Richmond‚ V. P.‚ & McCroskey‚ J. C. (1998). Measuring tolerance for disagreement. Communication Research Reports‚ 15‚ 209-217.
Richmond‚ V. P.‚ & McCroskey‚ J. C. (2001). Organizational communication for survival: Making work‚ work (2nd Ed.) Chapter 14. Needham Heights‚ MA: Allyn & Bacon
Knutson‚ Patricia Kearney; And Others. (1979). Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Western Speech Communication Association (Los Angeles‚ California‚ February 18-21‚ 1979)