Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ)
Schwartz et al.‚ 2001
پرسشنامه نمود ارزش ها
Masculine Version: for Feminine Version‚ change all pronouns to the Feminine
1. Thinking up new ideas and being creative is important to him. He likes to do things in his own original way.
2. It is important to him to be rich. He wants to have a lot of money and expensive things.
3. He thinks it is important that every person in the world be treated equally. He believes everyone should have equal opportunities in life.
4. It’s very important to him to show his abilities. He wants people to admire what he does.
5. It is important to him to live in secure surroundings. He avoids anything that might endanger his safety.
6. He thinks it is important to do lots of different things in life. He always looks for new things to try.
7. He believes that people should do what they’re told. He thinks people should follow rules at all times‚ even when no- one is watching.
8. It is important to him to listen to people who are different from him. Even when he disagrees with them‚ he still wants to understand them.
9. He thinks it’s important not to ask for more than what you have. He believes that people should be satisfied with what they have.
10.He seeks every chance he can to have fun. It is important to him to do things that give him pleasure.
11.It is important to him to make his own decisions about what he does. He likes to be free to plan and to choose his activities for himself.
12.It’s very important to him to help the people around him. He wants to care for their well-being.
13.Being very successful is important to him. He likes to impress other people.
14.It is very important to him that his country be safe. He thinks the state must be on watch against threats from within and without.
15.He likes to take risks. He is always looking for adventures.
16.It is important to him always to behave properly. He wants to avoid doing anything people would say is wrong.
17.It is important to him to be in charge and tell others what to do. He wants people to do what he says.
18.It is important to him to be loyal to his friends. He wants to devote himself to people close to him.
19.He strongly believes that people should care for nature.
1. Looking after the environment is important to him.
20.Religious belief is important to him. He tries hard to do what his religion requires.
21.It is important to him that things be organized and clean. He really does not like things to be a mess.
22.He thinks it’s important to be interested in things. He likes to be curious and to try to understand all sorts of things.
23.He believes all the world’s people should live in harmony. Promoting peace among all groups in the world is important to him.
24.He thinks it is important to be ambitious. He wants to show how capable he is.
25.He thinks it is best to do things in traditional ways. It is important to him to keep up the customs he has learned.
26.Enjoying life’s pleasures is important to him. He likes to spoil’ himself.
27.It is important to him to respond to the needs of others. He tries to support those he knows.
28.He believes he should always show respect to his parents and to older people. It is important to him to be obedient.
29.He wants everyone to be treated justly‚ even people he doesn’t know. It is important to him to protect the weak in society.
30.He likes surprises. It is important to him to have an exciting life.
31.He tries hard to avoid getting sick. Staying healthy is very important to him.
32.Getting ahead in life is important to him. He strives to do better than others.
33.Forgiving people who have hurt him is important to him. He tries to see what is good in them and not to hold a grudge.
34.It is important to him to be independent. He likes to rely on himself.
35.having a stable government is important to him. He is concerned that the social order be protected.
36.It is important to him to be polite to other people all the time. He tries never to disturb or irritate others.
37.He really wants to enjoy life. having a good time is very important to him.
38.It is important to him to be humble and modest. He tries not to draw attention to himself.
39.He always wants to be the one who makes the decisions. He likes to be the leader.
40.It is important to him to adapt to nature and to fi t into it. He believes that people should not change nature.
شرح سایت روان سنجی: "شوارتز و بیلسکی، 1987" پنج ویژگی مرسوم نمود ارزش ها ("مفاهیم یا باورها"، " انتخاب راه یا ارزیابی رفتار، سیاست ها، مردم و رخدادها"، "فراروی از کنش ها و شرایط ویژه"، " میزان کمتر یا بیشترشخصیت، از نگرش ها" و "اهمیت دادن به وابستگان نسبت به دیگران" ) را معرفی کردند. در سال 1992، شوارتز یک مدل دو بعدی در این مورد ارائه کرد. در سال 2001 او هر تفاوت مردمان، در اهداف، آرمان ها، آرزوها را در دو گزاره توصیف کرد. برای نمونه " برای او نشان دادن توانایی هایش مهم است" و دیگر "او می خواهد مردم آنچه را او انجام می دهد تحسین کنند."
این پرسشنامه در نزدیک به سی کشور مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است.
در ایران؛ "سوسن سهامی، 1387" این پرسشنامه را با عنوان "پرسشنامه ارزشی شوارتز" در مطالعه خود به کار گرفته است.
نوروزی (1389) و مرزوقی و نوروزی و نیکخو، (1391) ، این پرسشنامه را با عنوان "پرسشنامه ارزش های توصیفی شوارتز" در استان بوشهربه کار گرفته اد.
اعتبار: هماهنگی درونی، آلفا کرونباخ در همه خرده مقیاس ها پایین گزارش شده است.(برای آگاهی به نخستین نشانی داده شده در "چگونگی دستیابی" مراجعه کنید.)
نمره گذاری:
Not at All Like Me‚ Not Like Me‚ A Little Like Me‚ Somewhat Like Me‚ Like Me‚ Very Much Like Me
Conformity (7‚16‚28‚36)‚ Tradition (9‚20‚25‚38)‚ Benevolence (12‚18‚27‚33)‚ Universalism (3‚8‚19‚23‚29‚40)‚ Self-Direction (1‚11‚22‚34)‚ Stimulation (6‚15‚30)‚ Hedonism (10‚26‚37)‚ Achievement (4‚13‚24‚32)‚ Power (2‚17‚39)‚ Security (5‚14‚21‚31‚35)
چگونگی دستیابی
منبع برای آگاهی بیشتر
Schwartz‚ S. H.‚ & Bilsky‚ W. (1987). Toward a universal psychological structure of human values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology‚ 53‚ 550–562.
Schwartz‚ S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. In Zanna M. (Ed.)‚ Advances in experimental social psychology 25‚ (pp. 1–65). New York: Academic Press
Schwartz‚ S. H.‚ & Bardi‚ A. (1997). Influences of adaptation to communist rule on value priorities in Eastern Europe. Political Psychology‚ 18‚ 385–410.
Schwartz‚ S. H. (1996). Value priorities and behavior: Applying a theory of integrated value systems. In C. Seligman‚ J. M. Olson‚ & M. P. Zanna (Eds.)‚ The psychology of values (pp. 1–24). Hillsdale‚ NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates‚ Inc.
Schwartz‚ S. H.‚ Melech‚ G.‚ Lehmann‚ A.‚ Burgess‚ S.‚ Harris‚ M.‚ & Owens‚ V. (2001). Extending the cross-cultural validity of the basic human values with a different method of measurement. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology‚ 32‚ 519–542
Schwartz‚ S. H.‚ & Boehnke‚ K. (2004). Evaluating the structure of human values with confirmatory factor analysis. Journal of Research in Personality‚ 38‚ 230–255.
Schwartz‚ et al. (2001). Portrait Values Questionnaire. In: Simmons C. A.‚ Lehmann P. (eds). Tools for strengths-based assessment and evaluation‚ New York‚ NY: Springer‚ pp. 281-284. (2013).Google Scholar