روانسنجی
اولین سایت تخصصی فارسی تست های روان سنجی ، روان شناسی

Inclusion of Other in the Self Scale (IOS)
Aron and colleagues 1992

In general‚ choose one of the seven circles below that best represents the amount of "closeness" or overlap you see between yourself and other people. Choosing the first circle would suggest you see almost no overlap between yourself and other people. Choosing the seventh circle would suggest you see almost complete overlap between yourself and other people.

شرح سایت روان سنجی: مقیاسی که از افراد می خواهد از میان جفت دایره هایی که ناحیه اشتراکشان فزاینده است، وضعیت خود با دیگران را روشن کند.

In 2 studies‚ the Inclusion of Other in the Self (IOS) Scale‚ a single-item‚ pictorial measure of closeness‚ demonstrated alternate-form and test–retest reliability; convergent validity with the Relationship Closeness Inventory (E. Berscheid et al‚ 1989)‚ the R. J. Sternberg (1988) Intimacy Scale‚ and other measures; discriminant validity; minimal social desirability correlations; and predictive validity for whether romantic relationships were intact 3 mo later. Also identified and cross-validated were (1) a 2-factor closeness model (Feeling Close and Beha‎ving Close) and (2) longevity–closeness correlations that were small for women vs moderately positive for men. Five supplementary studies showed convergent and construct validity with marital satisfaction and commitment and with a reaction-time (RT)-based cognitive measure of closeness in married couples; and with intimacy and attraction measures in stranger dyads following laboratory closeness-generating tasks.

Respondents choose a pair of circles from seven with different degrees of overlap. 1 = no overlap; 2 = little overlap; 3 = some overlap; 4 = equal overlap; 5 = strong overlap; 6 = very strong overlap; 7 = most overlap. The number chosen is the respondent’s score.

This instrument can be found at: http://depts.washington.edu/uwcssc/sites/default/files//Inclusion%20of%20Other%20in%20Self.pdf & https://scholarworks.uark.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2369&context=etd & https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284143380_The_self-expansion_model_of_motivation_and_cognition_in_close_relationships/figures?lo=1

Aron‚ A.‚ Aron‚ E. N.‚ & Smollan‚ D. (1992). Inclusion of Other in the Self Scale and the structure of interpersonal closeness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology‚ 63‚ 596-612.
Aron‚ A.‚ Aron‚ E. N.‚ Tudor‚ M.‚ & Nelson‚ G. (1991). Close relationships as including other in the self. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology‚ 60‚ 241-253.
Woosnam‚ Kyle M. (2010).The Inclusion of Other in the Self(IOS) Scale. Research notes and reports / Annals of Tourism Research; 37‚ 857–860
Sparkman‚ D. (2016). The "We-ness" and Empathy of Liberalism. Graduate Theses and Dissertations Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1370