School Academic Optimism Scale (SAOS)
Academic Optimism of Schools
Hoy. 2005
خوش بینی علمی مدرسه
1. Teachers in this school are able to get through to the most difficult students.
2. Teachers here are confident they will be able to motivate their students.
3. If a child doesn’t want to learn teachers here give up.
4. Teachers here don’t have the skills needed to produce meaningful results.
5. Teachers in this school believe that every child can learn.
6. These students come to school ready to learn.
7. Home life provides so many advantages that students are bound to learn.
8. Students here just aren’t motivated to learn.
9. Teachers in this school do not have the skills to deal with student disciplinary problems.
10. The opportunities in this community help ensure that these students will learn.
11. Learning is more difficult at this school because students are worried about their safety.
12. Drug and alcohol abuse in the community make learning difficult for students here.
13. Teachers in this school trust their students.
14. Teachers in this school trust the parents.
15. Students in this school care about each other.
16. Parents in this school are reliable in their commitments.
17. Students in this school can be counted upon to do their work.
18. Teachers can count upon parental support.
19. Teachers here believe that students are competent learners.
20. Teachers think that most of the parents do a good job.
21. Teachers can believe what parents tell them.
22. Students here are secretive.
23.
The
school
sets
high
standards
for
performance.
24.
Students
respect
others
who
get
good
grades.
25.
Students
seek
extra
work
so
they
can
get
good
grades.
26.
Academic
achievement is recognized and acknowledged by the school.
27.
Students try hard to improve on previous work.
28.
The
learning environment is orderly and serious.
29.
The students in this school can achieve the goals that have been set for them.
30.
Teachers in this school believe that their students have the ability to achieve academically
شرح سایت روان سنجی: خوش بینی علمی مدرسه، مجموعه ای از باورهای هیات علمی آن به توانایی تدریس کارآمد، باور به کودکان و والدین، سطح بالایی از آموزش است .
خرده مقیاس ها:
Collective Sense of Self-Efficacy‚ Faculty Trust in Student and Parents‚ Academic Emphasis
نمره گذاری: میانگین و انحراف معیار هر خرده مقیاس را در منبع ببینید.
Items 1-22: 1=
Strongly
Disagree‚ 2= Disagree‚ 3= Somewhat
Disagree‚ 4= Somewhat
Agree‚ 5= Agree‚ 6= Strongly
Agree
Items 23-30: 1= Rarely‚ 2= Sometimes‚ 3= Often‚ 4= Very
Often
Collective Efficacy (CE) of the School (items 1-12): reverse scores 3‚ 4‚ 8‚ 9‚ 11‚ and 12.
Faculty Trust (FT) in Parents and Teachers (items 13-22): reverse scores on item 22.
Academic Emphasis (AE) of the School (items 23-30).
Standard score= [100X (items mean – Scale mean)/ std] +500
چگونگی دستیابی
منبع و ماخذ
Hoy‚ W. K.‚ Tarter‚ C. J.‚ & Woolfolk Hoy‚ A. (2006). Academic optimism of schools: A force for student achievement. American Educational Research Journal‚ 43(3) 425-446.
McGuigan‚ L. & Hoy‚ W. K. (2006). Principal Leadership: Creating a Culture of Academic Optimism to Improve Achievement for All Students. Leadership and Policy in Schools‚ 5‚ 203-229.
Smith‚ P. A. & Hoy‚ W. K. (2007). Academic optimism and student achievement in urban elementary schools. Journal of Educational Administration‚ 45‚ 556-568.